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What Are the Types of Chemical Peels?

Types of chemical peels 23 Dec 2024

Chemical peels are widely popular skin treatments often recommended in skincare clinics. These quick outpatient procedures involve minimal downtime and offer great value for money.

The reasons for getting a peel may include acne, fine lines, uneven skin tone, pigmentation, dull skin, or loose skin, among others.

But how can so many different issues be treated with one peel?

Actually, peels are categorized based on the type of chemical used, the duration of application, and the concentration. Let’s explore the different types.

Types of Peels

1. Superficial Peels

These work on the top layers of the skin and are done using mild acids like AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acids such as glycolic, mandelic, and lactic acid) and BHA (Salicylic acid).

  • AHA Peels
    AHAs are commonly derived from natural sources like sugarcane (glycolic), apples (malic), milk (lactic), and almonds (mandelic). They work primarily on the skin's surface to improve texture, remove dead skin, and make the skin radiant, smooth, and less pigmented.
    These peels are typically administered in progressively higher concentrations with a gap of 3–4 weeks between sessions. After treatment, it is essential to protect the skin with sunscreen and maintain hydration. Frequent peels should be avoided.
    These peels should only be handled by trained professionals.

    • Glycolic acid peels reduce fine lines, wrinkles, and pigmentation, improving overall skin tone.

    • Mandelic acid peels help clear acne-related redness and oiliness.

    • Lactic and malic acid peels hydrate the skin.

    • Tartaric acid enhances the penetration of other peel molecules.

  • It's important to note that these purified, concentrated active molecules are more effective than their natural fruit counterparts.

  • BHA Peels
    Salicylic acid is an example of a BHA. It is oil-soluble, allowing it to penetrate deeply into the pores to control oil secretion. This reduces pore clogging and inflammation.
    For sensitive skin, a patch test is recommended before a BHA peel. Salicylic acid is often combined with other hydrating and oil-reducing agents like lactic and mandelic acids. Using a good, non-comedogenic moisturizer and sunscreen after treatment is essential to achieve soft, acne-free skin.

Curious about skin rejuvenation? Check out our blog on "The Pros and Cons of Chemical Peels".

2. Medium-Depth Peels

These peels penetrate deeper into the skin and have a stronger action. They are performed using higher concentrations of glycolic acid or trichloroacetic acid (TCA).

Medium-depth peels act on deeper skin layers to reduce age spots, fine lines, wrinkles, and moderate pigmentation.

3. Deep Peels

Deep peels use high concentrations of TCA or phenol, which penetrate to the deepest skin layers. These peels are highly effective for tightening, lightening, and brightening the skin.

They work well for wrinkle removal, reducing severe aging changes, and treating significant pigmentation issues.
 

Benefits of Chemical Peels

  1. Exfoliation
    Peels remove dead skin, promoting the formation of fresh cells to resurface and firm the skin.

  2. Improved Skin Texture
    By stimulating collagen formation, peels help firm the skin and reduce laxity.

  3. Enhanced Skin Clarity
    New collagen is arranged evenly, improving skin radiance and reducing pigmentation, sun damage, and age spots.

Learn about "How long does a glow peel last ?"

Maintaining Results

For optimal results, chemical peels should be done regularly as part of an annual maintenance routine—similar to maintaining a house by waterproofing, stopping leakages, and painting.

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